The design doesn’t allow the water to remain in the hydrant. Since there is no water in the hydrant, there is nothing to freeze. The water pipe and valve in dry barrel hydrants will be under the frost line, the maximum depth to which the ground freezes in winter. The part above the ground is a simple metallic pipe.
Drain wall hydrants and fire pump test connections that may be exposed to freezing. Verify that underground water mains have adequate depth of cover. For water mains that do not have adequate cover, ask if they be isolated and shut off to protect from freezing. Check packing on post indicator control valves for leaking, and repair as necessary.
How do they stop fire hydrants from freezing in the winter?
1 dry stem the valve is located below grade level and hopefully below the “frost” line. this type of hydrant will usually have some kind of drain to keep the hydrant “dry” until needed. there are pictures of this type of hydrant.
but the short answer is there is no real way to keep the hydrant from freezing. there could be very small amounts of moisture on and in the hydrant. when this moisture freezes, it is difficult to remove the caps and turn the valve. some municipalities will equip the fire department with a “defroster” and with a “dry” hydrant, it only takes a couple minutes to warm things up enough to …
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Reference:
https://www.usfa.fema.gov/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_extinguisher